What is diabetes?
Diabetes is a disease in which blood glucose (sugar) levels are above normal. This is due to the inability of glucose to enter your cells. As a result, your cells starve for their food (glucose). It would be like a hungry person surrounded by tables of great food, but their mouth was sewn up and they could not eat.
It is estimated that about 17 million Americans have diabetes, and one third of these patients do not even know that they have it. Diabetes can cause serious health complications, including heart disease, blindness, renal failure, and lower limb amputations. Diabetes is the 6th leading cause of death in the United States. And most diabetics develop heart disease. In fact, only diabetes has the same risk of having a heart attack as the one who already had such an event. Therefore, it is very important that patients with diabetes have a doctor who closely monitors their cholesterol levels and treats their blood pressure. In addition, any use of tobacco products multiplies the risks and should be discontinued.
Are there various diabetes?
Of course. But the main features of the disease are the same. In any form of diabetes, there is some reason that your body cannot use glucose (sugar) for energy, and this causes the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood to rise above normal. There are three areas that are important for you to understand diabetes. First, the cells in your body that use glucose are important because they need to be able to remove sugar from the blood and put it in a cell as fuel. Secondly, insulin, which is made by your pancreas (the organ next to your stomach), is important for sugar to enter the cell (key to open the door to enter), and finally, glucose, which is destroyed from food or from the muscles and liver from the storage form of glucose, called glycogen. Now, if you are thinking about diabetes associated with locking the gas cap on your car, it will be easier to understand.
If you understand how the locking gas cap works, you can understand how diabetes works. All cells in your body have a locking gas cap. Insulin is the key to closing the gas cap, and glucose will be the fuel for the car. In one form of diabetes, the body stops making insulin (keys) completely, so you cannot get glucose (fuel) into your cells. In other forms of diabetes, your body makes some insulin (keys), but not as much as your body needs. Thus, only a few of the cells can be unlocked and opened to put the glucose (fuel) inside. Another thing is that some of the locks on the cells become rusty and will not work properly. Therefore, even if you have insulin (keys), you cannot open cells. This is called insulin resistance. If the cells do not open, you cannot get glucose (fuel) inside the cell for energy. The result of all this is an excess of glucose in the blood.
Types of diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young people and makes up only 5-10% of patients with diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas does not contain insulin at all (keys).
Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of the disease. It accounts for 90-95% of all diabetes cases. With type 2 diabetes, either your body does not make enough insulin (keys), or your body cells ignore insulin (blocking to rust and not working), so they cannot use glucose as they supposedly are. When your cells ignore insulin, as noted above, it is often called insulin resistance.
Other types of diabetes that account for only a small number of cases of diabetes include gestational diabetes, which is a type of diabetes that only pregnant women receive. If this is not caused, it can cause problems in mothers and babies and usually disappears when the pregnancy is over. Other types of diabetes, resulting from specific genetic syndromes, surgery, drugs, malnutrition, infections and other diseases, can be from 1 to 2% of all cases of diabetes.
How do you get diabetes?
There are risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing diabetes. The risk factors for type 2 diabetes include older age, obesity, a family history of diabetes, a history of gestational diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, physical inactivity, and racial / ethnicity. Risk factors are less well defined for type 1 diabetes than for type 2 diabetes, but autoimmune, genetic and environmental factors are involved in the development of this type of diabetes.
What are the symptoms of diabetes?
People who think they may have diabetes should contact their doctor for a diagnosis. They may have NEOTOM or NO of the following symptoms: frequent urination, excessive thirst, unexplained weight loss, severe hunger, sudden changes in vision, tingling or numbness in the hands or feet, feeling tired a lot of time, very dry skin, ulcers that slowly heal, more infections than usual. Nausea, vomiting, or stomach pain may accompany some of these symptoms in the sudden onset of type 1 diabetes.
Glucose is sugar! So all I need is to avoid candy, right?
It is not that simple. The truth is that most foods and all the carbohydrates you eat are broken down into the simplest structure, glucose. As food enters the stomach, the acid immediately begins to break the food. Proteins are broken down into their amino acids and carbohydrates for their glucose. As soon as your gastrointestinal system breaks down your food into something that your body can use, the blood picks it up and transports it into cells for energy. In healthy people, blood raises glucose absorbed from the GI tract and sends a signal to your pancreas (organ near your stomach) to make and release insulin. Remember that with type 2 diabetes, your body does not make enough insulin (keys) or some of your cells, ignoring insulin that is. (Locks rusty and do not work). In both situations, your cells do not get the glucose they need for energy, and they are starving, and all the excess glucose just floats in the blood and cannot be used. Worst of all, when all this excess glucose is floating in your blood, it causes damage to your blood vessels and organs, and this damage increases the risk of heart disease. This is why it is very important to keep your blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible. When the glucose level becomes very high, the glucose begins to flow into your urine.
How do you treat diabetes?
There are several things you need to do to help you manage your diabetes. For type 1 diabetes, healthy foods, physical activity, and insulin injections are the main therapies. The amount of insulin taken must be balanced with food intake and daily activities. For patients with type 1 diabetes, blood glucose levels should be carefully monitored by frequent testing of blood glucose levels.
For type 2 diabetes, healthy eating, physical activity, and blood glucose testing are the main therapies. In addition, many people with type 2 diabetes need oral medications, insulin, or both to control their blood glucose levels. Some of the oral medications work by stimulating your pancreas to make more insulin (keys). Other oral medications work to make rusted locks start working again. In a sense, they are kind of like WD-40 for rusty locks on cages. It fixes the lock on the cells, so the insulin (keys) can open the cell to the inside of glucose (fuel). As soon as glucose (fuel) is allowed inside the cells, the blood sugar level will drop to normal levels.
What medicine do I have to take for my diabetes?
There are many different types of medications that your doctor may prescribe for diabetes; however, these recipes can cause certain nutritional deficiencies that may increase the risk of developing chronic degenerative diseases. NutraMD Diabetes Essential Nutrients® supplement was developed to work with your diabetic drugs by replacing lost nutrients that reduce the risk of dangerous side effects, and helped to improve health
The main classes of diabetic drugs include sulfonylureas, biguanides, and thiazolidinediones.
Sulfonylureas include the following drugs:
Orinase, Tolinase, Diabinese, Glipizide, Glyburide, Amaryl, Prandin, Starlix
The main function of sulfonylurea is to increase insulin production in beta cells of the pancreas. Sulfonylureas can interfere with the normal metabolism of coenzyme Q10 in the body. Since CoQ10 is required for energy production in all body tissues, this effect can reduce the body’s natural ability to use or “burn” sugars and may even reduce the ability of the pancreas to produce insulin over time.
Biguanides include the following drugs:
Glucophagus (metformin)
Glucovans (metformin + glyburide)
The main functions of biguanides are to reduce the production of glucose in the liver, thereby reducing the level of glucose in the blood. Your doctor may prescribe this type of medication in combination with sulfonylurea insulin or a class of drugs known as thiazolidinediones. Unfortunately, the biguanides have been shown to deplete vitamin B-12, folic acid, and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). Some of the problems that can arise from folate and vitamin B-12 deficiencies include the following: Heart disease, stroke, anemia, arthritis, joint pain, muscle pain, and neuropathy (nerve damage). Since diabetes increases the risk of heart disease, stroke and neuropathy, it is especially important to prevent nutritional deficiencies that can add to these risk factors. Therefore, to reduce the potential side effects of nutritional deficiencies, you must take the NutraMD Diabetes Essential Nutrients® supplement as long as you are on your diabetic drug.
Since both types of drugs listed above can deplete CoQ10, it is important to understand some of the symptoms of a deficiency. CoQ10 deficiency was associated with the following diseases and symptoms: congestive heart failure, high blood pressure, rhabdomyolysis (muscle breakdown), muscle and joint pain, and fatigue. Therefore, to maximize the benefits of diabetes medication and minimize the potential side effects of nutritional deficiencies, you must praise your prescription medicine by taking NutraMD Diabetes Essential Nutrients®. By doing this, you will balance the risk / benefit ratio further in your favor.
Thus, diabetic medications prescribed by your doctor are necessary to treat your condition; however, you should also be aware that the long-term potential side effects of nutrition can be as significant a risk factor for your health as the disease that you plan to treat first. Put the odds in your favor and support your health with NutraMD Diabetes Essential Nutrients® Supplement
How do I know that I keep my blood sugar levels under control?
Frequent blood tests are used to monitor blood sugar levels. Most diabetic patients should have a blood monitoring kit at home. Some doctors ask their patients to check blood sugar levels often 6 times a day, although this is extreme. The more information you learn about your blood sugar levels, the easier it will be for you to control it. People with diabetes should be responsible for daily care and keep blood glucose levels too low or too high.
When your blood sugar level is too high, your doctor calls it hyperglycemia. When your blood sugar level is too high, you may not experience any symptoms, but high blood glucose levels cause damage to your blood vessels and organs. That is why it is important that your body properly uses sugar and throws it out of your bloodstream.
When your blood sugar level is too low, your doctor calls it hypoglycemia. Low blood sugar can be very dangerous, and patients taking medication for diabetes should watch for symptoms of low blood sugar. It is also important to monitor your blood sugar regularly to avoid both low and high blood sugar. It is important that you always keep your blood sugar levels as close to normal as possible.
How does my doctor know if I control my blood sugar?
Some patients may not follow the correct diet and exercise, except for the days preceding the blood test in the doctor's office. They want to look like they do a good job with blood sugar. Thus, fasting blood glucose test results will be useful for the doctor. But there is a test that will show your doctor the real picture in the last 3 months or so. It is called hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C). Hemoglobin is the part of your blood or red cells that carries oxygen into your cells. Glucose sticks to hemoglobin in your red blood cells when they come out of the bone marrow where they are made.
The amount of sugar in the red cell is proportional to the level of sugar in the blood at the moment when the red cell enters the bloodstream and remains at this level for the life of the red cell. Therefore, if your blood has a lot of excess glucose, your hemoglobin will have a lot of glucose. Since the average lifespan of hemoglobin in the blood is 90-100 days, the HbA1C test shows the doctor how well you controlled your blood sugar levels in the last 3 months. This test is a test for total sugar control, not just fast blood sugar levels. Therefore, it is important to control blood sugar levels at all times, and not just before visiting a doctor. The most important reason to control your blood sugar is that you can live a healthier life without the complications that can be caused by uncontrolled diabetes.
What happens if I do not control my diabetes?
The difficulties of diabetes can be devastating. Both forms of diabetes eventually lead to high blood sugar levels, which is called hyperglycemia. The damage that causes hyperglycemia to your body is extensive and includes:
Damage to the retina from diabetes (diabetic retinopathy) is the leading cause of blindness.
Diabetes predisposes people to high blood pressure and high cholesterol and triglyceride levels. These, independently of each other and together with hyperglycemia, increase the risk of heart disease, kidney disease and other complications of blood vessels.
Damage to the nerves in the autonomic nervous system can lead to paralysis of the stomach (gastroparesis), chronic diarrhea, and inability to control heart rate and blood pressure with changes in fasting.
Renal damage from diabetes (diabetic nephropathy) is the main cause of renal failure.
Nerve damage from diabetes (diabetic neuropathy) is the main cause of a lack of normal sensation in the leg, which can lead to wounds and ulcers and too often to the amputation of legs and feet.
Diabetes accelerates atherosclerosis or "hardening of the arteries" and the formation of fatty plaques inside the arms, which can lead to blockages or blood clots (thrombus), which can then lead to heart attack, stroke and decrease blood circulation in the arms and legs (peripheral vascular disease).
Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, occurs from time to time in most people with diabetes. This is due to excessive consumption of diabetes or insulin, lack of food, more exercise than usual, drinking too much alcohol or using certain drugs for other conditions. It is very important to recognize hypoglycemia and be ready to treat it at any time. Headache, dizziness, poor concentration, trembling hands and sweating are common symptoms of hypoglycemia. You may misunderstand or have a seizure if blood sugar levels get too low.
Diabetic ketoacidosis is a serious disease in which uncontrolled hyperglycemia (usually due to the complete absence of insulin or relative insulin deficiency) over time creates an accumulation of acidic waste in the blood called ketones. High levels of ketones can be very harmful. This usually happens with people with type 1 diabetes who do not have good blood glucose control. Diabetic ketoacidosis can be caused by infection, stress, trauma, missing medications such as insulin, or medical emergencies such as stroke and heart attack.
Гиперомолярный гипергликемический некетотический синдром является серьезным заболеванием, при котором уровень сахара в крови становится очень высоким. Тело пытается избавиться от избыточного сахара в крови, исключив его в моче. Это значительно увеличивает количество мочи и часто приводит к дегидратации настолько серьезной, что может вызвать судороги, кома, даже смерть. Этот синдром обычно встречается у людей с диабетом типа 2, которые не контролируют уровень сахара в крови или обезвоживаются или имеют стресс, травму, инсульт или лекарства, такие как стероиды.
Мой врач говорит, что у меня преддиабет? What is it?
Преддиабет является общим заболеванием, связанным с диабетом. У людей с преддиабетом уровень сахара в крови выше, чем обычно, но недостаточно высокий, чтобы считаться диабетом. Предиабет увеличивает риск заражения диабетом типа 2 и имеет сердечные заболевания или инсульт. Предиабет может быть отменен без инсулина или медикаментов, теряя скромное количество веса и увеличивая вашу физическую активность. Это может предотвратить или, по крайней мере, задержать начало диабета типа 2. Когда он связан с некоторыми другими аномалиями, он также называется метаболическим синдромом.
Каковы нормальные уровни глюкозы в крови? Количество глюкозы (сахара) в крови изменяется через день и ночь. Ваши уровни будут различаться в зависимости от того, когда, что и сколько у вас есть, и независимо от того, осуществляете ли вы это упражнение. Категории Американской диабетической ассоциации для нормального уровня сахара в крови следующие, основанные на том, как тестируются ваши уровни глюкозы:
Тест на глюкозу в крови натощак: этот тест проводится после того, как вы голодали (без пищи или жидкостей, кроме воды) в течение восьми часов. Нормальный уровень глюкозы в крови натощак составляет менее 100 мг / дл. Диагноз диабета производится, если уровень глюкозы в крови составляет 126 мг / дл или выше. (В 1997 году Американская ассоциация диабета снизила уровень диабета диабета до 126 мг / дл с 140 мг / дл).
«Случайный» анализ глюкозы в крови может быть проведен в любое время. Нормальный уровень глюкозы в крови находится в диапазоне от низкого до среднего. Диагноз диабета производится, если уровень глюкозы в крови составляет 200 мг / дл или выше, и у вас есть симптомы заболевания, такие как усталость, избыточное мочеиспускание, чрезмерная жажда или незапланированная потеря веса.
Вместо этого может быть проведено другое испытание, называемое пероральным тестом на толерантность к глюкозе. Для этого теста вам будет предложено, после быстрой ночи, выпить раствор с сахарной водой. Затем уровни глюкозы в крови будут проверяться в течение нескольких часов. У человека без диабета уровень глюкозы повышается, а затем быстро падает после выпивания раствора. У человека с диабетом уровень глюкозы в крови повышается выше нормы и не падает так быстро.
Нормальное показание уровня глюкозы в крови через два часа после выпивания раствора составляет менее 140 мг / дл, а все показания между началом теста до двух часов после начала лечения составляют менее 200 мг / дл. Диабет диагностируется, если уровень глюкозы в крови составляет 200 мг / дл или выше.
Что еще мне нужно делать, если у меня диабет?
Люди с диабетом должны видеть поставщика медицинских услуг, который будет контролировать их контроль над диабетом и помочь им научиться управлять своим диабетом. Кроме того, люди с диабетом могут видеть эндокринологов, которые могут специализироваться на лечении диабета; офтальмологи для глазных исследований; подиатры для рутинного ухода за ногами; и диетологи и преподаватели диабета, которые учат навыкам, необходимым для ежедневного управления диабетом.
Диабет и его предшественник, метаболический синдром, могут привести к множеству проблем, если их недостаточно контролировать. К ним относятся сосудистые заболевания, которые вызывают сердечный приступ и инсульт, повреждение почек, приводящее к почечной недостаточности, повреждение нервов (невропатия), повреждение сетчатки, приводящее к слепоте, высокое кровяное давление и различные нарушения обмена веществ, такие как высокие триглицериды или высокий уровень холестерина. Поэтому крайне важно контролировать диабет, а также все другие факторы риска развития артериальных заболеваний, которые вызывают сердечный приступ и инсульт.
Чтобы сделать это, ваш врач будет настаивать на хорошей диете и регулярных физических упражнениях. Лекарства добавляются для снижения уровня сахара в крови, и если они неадекватны, потребуются инсулин или другие инъекционные лекарства. Лекарства, которые лечат диабет, могут привести к истощению фолиевой кислоты, что, в свою очередь, может вызвать высокий гомоцистеин, который является фактором риска развития артериальной болезни, которая лежит в основе сердечного приступа и инсульта. Вы можете перенести риски в свою пользу, взяв NutraMD Diabetes Essential Nutrients вместе с вашим врачом, назначенным лекарствами.
